Credit score
A credit score is a number, usually from 300 to 850, that summarizes your credit report to predict how likely you are to repay; lenders use it to decide whether to approve you and at what rate.
FICO and VantageScore are the two main models. FICO weighs payment history most, then amounts owed (including utilization), length of credit history, new credit and credit mix.
You can get your credit reports free from each bureau at AnnualCreditReport.com; many cards and banks show a score free.
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Sources: myFICO: What's in my FICO scores · CFPB: Credit reports and scores